Extended producer responsibility (OECD) https://www.oecd.org/environment/extended-producer-responsibility.htm
OECD defines Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) as an environmental policy approach in which a producer’s responsibility for a product is extended to the post-consumer stage of a product’s life cycle. An EPR policy is characterised by:
1. the shifting of responsibility (physically and/or economically; fully or partially) upstream toward the producer and away from municipalities; and
2. the provision of incentives to producers to take into account environmental considerations when designing their products.
While other policy instruments tend to target a single point in the chain, EPR seeks to integrate signals related to the environmental characteristics of products and production processes throughout the product chain.
Extended producer responsibility https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_producer_responsibility
In response to the growing problem of excessive waste, several countries adopted waste management policies in which manufacturers are responsible for taking back their products from end users at the end of the products' useful life, or partially financing a collection and recycling infrastructure. These policies were adopted due to the lack of collection infrastructure for certain products that contain hazardous materials, or due to the high costs to local governments of providing such collection services. The primary goals of these take-back laws therefore are to partner with the private sector to ensure that all waste is managed in a way that protects public health and the environment. The goals of take-back laws are to
encourage companies to design products for reuse, recyclability, and materials reduction
correct market signals to the consumer by incorporating waste management costs into product price