Countries, companies and individual consumers are increasingly aware that their consumption could be linked, via supply chains, to environmental and social sustainability impacts in distant parts of the world. However, most of the footprinting methods available prior to 2015 critically lacked detail – of the connections between consumption and production, and of how particular commodity flows were linked to sustainability issues in specific production sites. Instead, they estimated footprints at country level, based on assumptions and macroeconomic figures.
This limited their value for policymaking, attributing responsibility and taking preventive action, given the often localized nature of issues like deforestation, as well as the heterogeneity of landscapes and vulnerability that can exist, particularly in large countries like Brazil. br> SEI-PCS (for Spatially Explicit Information on Production to Consumption Systems) is a modeling approach developed at SEI.1 SEI-PCS allows for fine-scale subnational assessments of the origin of traded commodities and the socio-environmental impacts embedded in them, such as carbon emissions, local pollution or biodiversity loss. It recreates supply chains and attributes sustainability impacts to commodity flows and actors, using a combination of detailed production data at subnational scales, information on domestic trade flows, customs data and international trade flows between countries.