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Report; Reimagining the Seafood Import Monitoring Program
https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/REPORT_Reimagining-SIMP-Session-2-StimsonFishWise.pdf
Many workshop participants supported the idea that digitizing supply chain records is crucial for effective and efficient risk analytics. Although SIMP was developed as a risk-based program, it still needs an underlying automated risk analytics platform to synthesize the enormous quantities of data provided by the seafood industry and link to external datasets or databases. Automated and digitized systems play a crucial role in enhancing risk analyses for seafood products by leveraging advanced technologies such as AI/ML to gather, analyze, and interpret large volumes of data efficiently. By processing data from multiple sources, including historical data, supply chain data, and third-party data, automated systems lend themselves to regular monitoring of risks that adapt to the evolving nature of seafood supply chains. These automated processes can also help identify patterns, anomalies, or outliers that might have otherwise gone unidentified by manual systems. By analyzing both historical data and current conditions, automated systems even have the potential to predict the likelihood of future risks, allowing for proactive risk management and targeted allocation of resources and enforcement efforts.
https://www.stimson.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/REPORT_Reimagining-SIMP-Session-2-StimsonFishWise.pdf
Many workshop participants supported the idea that digitizing supply chain records is crucial for effective and efficient risk analytics. Although SIMP was developed as a risk-based program, it still needs an underlying automated risk analytics platform to synthesize the enormous quantities of data provided by the seafood industry and link to external datasets or databases. Automated and digitized systems play a crucial role in enhancing risk analyses for seafood products by leveraging advanced technologies such as AI/ML to gather, analyze, and interpret large volumes of data efficiently. By processing data from multiple sources, including historical data, supply chain data, and third-party data, automated systems lend themselves to regular monitoring of risks that adapt to the evolving nature of seafood supply chains. These automated processes can also help identify patterns, anomalies, or outliers that might have otherwise gone unidentified by manual systems. By analyzing both historical data and current conditions, automated systems even have the potential to predict the likelihood of future risks, allowing for proactive risk management and targeted allocation of resources and enforcement efforts.
Report; Cocoa Barometer 2022
https://voicenetwork.cc/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Cocoa-Barometer-2022.pdf
The 2022 Cocoa Barometer provides an overview of the current sustainability developments in the cocoa sector and highlights critical issues that are not receiving sufficient attention at present, discussing a broad range of social, economic, and environmental issues. It is an endeavour to stimulate and enable stakeholders to communicate and discuss these critical issues. Cross-cutting throughout this document is the observation that we are sorely lacking both quality data and global collaboration to solve the challenges the sector faces.
https://voicenetwork.cc/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Cocoa-Barometer-2022.pdf
The 2022 Cocoa Barometer provides an overview of the current sustainability developments in the cocoa sector and highlights critical issues that are not receiving sufficient attention at present, discussing a broad range of social, economic, and environmental issues. It is an endeavour to stimulate and enable stakeholders to communicate and discuss these critical issues. Cross-cutting throughout this document is the observation that we are sorely lacking both quality data and global collaboration to solve the challenges the sector faces.
Report: TRADE REFORMS AND FOOD SECURITY, Conceptualizing the Linkages
https://www.fao.org/4/Y4671E/y4671e00.htm
The purpose of this publication is to inform the research that underpins policy analysis, and the negotiations and/or prescriptions that follow, such that these enhance, rather than worsen, the food security status of poor countries. It is intended to be complementary to the existing literature that explores the linkages between trade liberalization, economic openness and poverty, but which does not explicitly explore the implications for food security.
The publication contributes to understanding these relationships by:
https://www.fao.org/4/Y4671E/y4671e00.htm
The purpose of this publication is to inform the research that underpins policy analysis, and the negotiations and/or prescriptions that follow, such that these enhance, rather than worsen, the food security status of poor countries. It is intended to be complementary to the existing literature that explores the linkages between trade liberalization, economic openness and poverty, but which does not explicitly explore the implications for food security.
The publication contributes to understanding these relationships by:
critically reviewing what is known from the existing literature and other resources so as to facilitate better targeted country-level research and analysis of trade and food security developments;
presenting a conceptual framework for understanding how trade liberalization and related economic reforms can impact upon national and household-level food security;
providing an operational framework for assessing the outcome of past policies, and predicting the consequences of future initiatives, on national and household food security;
proposing an agenda for research.
Report; Hidden Harvests
https://corpaccountabilitylab.org/hidden-harvest
This report is the culmination of three years of research and investigations into the Indian shrimp sector, examining evidence of forced labor, living and working conditions for shrimp supply chain workers, environmental impacts of the industry, and the failure of social auditing certification schemes that purport to to ensure that the shrimp sold with their imprimatur were ethically and sustainably produced.
The current system of farmed shrimp production is not sustainable – not for workers, the environment, or – ultimately – for retailers, wholesalers, or consumers. The Indian shrimp sector is rife with discrimination, dangerous working conditions, hazardous child labor, sexual harassment, debt bondage, threats and intimidation, toxic sewage, false and misleading certification schemes, and a general lack of oversight.
Rather than continue down a road littered with exploitation, discrimination, and forced labor, companies – and governments – have the opportunity and the duty to act now. There is no time to waste in treating workers with respect and addressing the substantial threats to the environment presented by the Indian shrimp sector.
https://corpaccountabilitylab.org/hidden-harvest
This report is the culmination of three years of research and investigations into the Indian shrimp sector, examining evidence of forced labor, living and working conditions for shrimp supply chain workers, environmental impacts of the industry, and the failure of social auditing certification schemes that purport to to ensure that the shrimp sold with their imprimatur were ethically and sustainably produced.
The current system of farmed shrimp production is not sustainable – not for workers, the environment, or – ultimately – for retailers, wholesalers, or consumers. The Indian shrimp sector is rife with discrimination, dangerous working conditions, hazardous child labor, sexual harassment, debt bondage, threats and intimidation, toxic sewage, false and misleading certification schemes, and a general lack of oversight.
Rather than continue down a road littered with exploitation, discrimination, and forced labor, companies – and governments – have the opportunity and the duty to act now. There is no time to waste in treating workers with respect and addressing the substantial threats to the environment presented by the Indian shrimp sector.
Report; Forced evictions at industrial cobalt and copper mines in the Democratic Republic of the Con
https://www.amnesty.nl/content/uploads/2023/09/EMBARGOED_EN-version-Powering-Change-or-Business-as-Usual.pdf
This trend is driving the demand for other raw materials. Electric vehicles and energy storage facilities require vast and increasing amounts of mined metals, including copper and cobalt. According to the International Energy Agency, copper is the most widely used mineral in clean energy technologies, while cobalt is an essential mineral for most lithium-ion batteries. Expectations of accelerating demand for these two minerals are behind the increase in industrial mining in and around the city of Kolwezi, in the southern province of Lualaba in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where many of the country’s most productive cobalt and copper mines are located. The DRC holds the seventh largest reserves of copper globally and is the third largest producer. It also holds approximately half of the world’s cobalt reserves and accounts for more than 70% of global production. The people living in the region should be benefiting from the growth in mining. Instead, many are being forced out of their homes and farmland to make way for the expansion of large-scale industrial mining projects. As this report shows, such evictions are often carried out by mining operators with little concern for the rights of affected communities and little heed for national laws meant to curtail forced evictions in the mining sector.
https://www.amnesty.nl/content/uploads/2023/09/EMBARGOED_EN-version-Powering-Change-or-Business-as-Usual.pdf
This trend is driving the demand for other raw materials. Electric vehicles and energy storage facilities require vast and increasing amounts of mined metals, including copper and cobalt. According to the International Energy Agency, copper is the most widely used mineral in clean energy technologies, while cobalt is an essential mineral for most lithium-ion batteries. Expectations of accelerating demand for these two minerals are behind the increase in industrial mining in and around the city of Kolwezi, in the southern province of Lualaba in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where many of the country’s most productive cobalt and copper mines are located. The DRC holds the seventh largest reserves of copper globally and is the third largest producer. It also holds approximately half of the world’s cobalt reserves and accounts for more than 70% of global production. The people living in the region should be benefiting from the growth in mining. Instead, many are being forced out of their homes and farmland to make way for the expansion of large-scale industrial mining projects. As this report shows, such evictions are often carried out by mining operators with little concern for the rights of affected communities and little heed for national laws meant to curtail forced evictions in the mining sector.
PDF; Fisheries and Aquaculture Certification, Standards and Ratings Ecosystem
https://www.humanrightsatsea.org/sites/default/files/media-files/2023-03/LR_HRAS_Fisheries%20Human%20Rights%20Standards_8%20MARCH%2023_v1.1.pdf
As consumers we’re led to believe we hold the power to ensure the goods we buy are not harmful to humans and the planet. In classic economics, companies simply supply what the market demands. We are ‘the market’ and it is the market that sets the price. And we are increasingly aware, in this information age, that price goes far beyond the ticket on the shelf. It’s not just what’s in the tin, but how it got there – the husbandry, the working conditions, the production process. The outcome? A plethora of labels of various certification schemes aimed at meeting that demand. But do these labels really address the true cost and help empower consumers to leverage their purchases to get what they want? This much-needed data-driven examination of labels – certification standards – within the fisheries industry shows that all is not what it might seem. It demonstrates the complexity of a solution based on voluntary standards, beginning with the plethora of schemes, each with its own criteria, inconsistent both in mandate, assessment process and enforcement. The existence of such a report, on just one industry, indicates just how unrealistic it is as a means for consumers to understand the true cost of a product and exercise our purchasing power accordingly.
https://www.humanrightsatsea.org/sites/default/files/media-files/2023-03/LR_HRAS_Fisheries%20Human%20Rights%20Standards_8%20MARCH%2023_v1.1.pdf
As consumers we’re led to believe we hold the power to ensure the goods we buy are not harmful to humans and the planet. In classic economics, companies simply supply what the market demands. We are ‘the market’ and it is the market that sets the price. And we are increasingly aware, in this information age, that price goes far beyond the ticket on the shelf. It’s not just what’s in the tin, but how it got there – the husbandry, the working conditions, the production process. The outcome? A plethora of labels of various certification schemes aimed at meeting that demand. But do these labels really address the true cost and help empower consumers to leverage their purchases to get what they want? This much-needed data-driven examination of labels – certification standards – within the fisheries industry shows that all is not what it might seem. It demonstrates the complexity of a solution based on voluntary standards, beginning with the plethora of schemes, each with its own criteria, inconsistent both in mandate, assessment process and enforcement. The existence of such a report, on just one industry, indicates just how unrealistic it is as a means for consumers to understand the true cost of a product and exercise our purchasing power accordingly.
IFT’s Tech-Enabled Traceability Insights Based on the FDA’s Low- or No-Cost Traceability Challenge S
https://www.ift.org/-/media/gftc/pdfs/ift-tech-insights-fda-nolowcost-traceability-report-2023.pdf
As an activity under the New Era for Smarter Food Safety blueprint, the goal of the Low- or No-Cost Tech-Enabled Traceability Challenge was to encourage development of innovative approaches for scalable, cost-effective food traceability solutions to advance widespread implementation of tech-enabled traceability systems throughout the supply chain. This report documents these efforts.
https://www.ift.org/-/media/gftc/pdfs/ift-tech-insights-fda-nolowcost-traceability-report-2023.pdf
As an activity under the New Era for Smarter Food Safety blueprint, the goal of the Low- or No-Cost Tech-Enabled Traceability Challenge was to encourage development of innovative approaches for scalable, cost-effective food traceability solutions to advance widespread implementation of tech-enabled traceability systems throughout the supply chain. This report documents these efforts.
Philip Morris,Sustainable Supply Chain
https://www.pmi.com/sustainability/integrated-report-2020-digital
2020 report
https://www.pmi.com/sustainability/integrated-report-2020-digital
2020 report
Supply and value chains from the trade in ivory and rhinoceros horn
https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/wildlife/2020/WWLC20_Chapter_8_Value_chains.pdf
Little is known about the profits made by organized crime groups from illicit wildlife trafficking and the significant gaps in understanding supply and demand for certain wildlife products make such estimates challenging. Existing estimates that monetize the size of wildlife trafficking and crime are highly aggregated and utilize broad frameworks that include envi- ronmental costs and loss of public revenues. These aggregates are useful for advocacy purposes but have lim- ited usefulness for understanding how wildlife traffickers operate and for monitoring and evaluating progress made in containing the illicit profits and financial flows generated by the illegal wildlife trade.
https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/wildlife/2020/WWLC20_Chapter_8_Value_chains.pdf
Little is known about the profits made by organized crime groups from illicit wildlife trafficking and the significant gaps in understanding supply and demand for certain wildlife products make such estimates challenging. Existing estimates that monetize the size of wildlife trafficking and crime are highly aggregated and utilize broad frameworks that include envi- ronmental costs and loss of public revenues. These aggregates are useful for advocacy purposes but have lim- ited usefulness for understanding how wildlife traffickers operate and for monitoring and evaluating progress made in containing the illicit profits and financial flows generated by the illegal wildlife trade.
Report, Illegal supply chains for rhino horn
https://wildlifejustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Rhino-Horn-Trafficking-Report-2022-CAP.3.pdf
Since 2015, the Wildlife Justice Commission has collected extensive volumes of intelligence and evidence on the composition of criminal networks and the inner workings of the rhino horn supply chain from Africa to Asia. These investigations have focused on major source, transit, and destination locations of concern, primarily South Africa, Mozambique, Malaysia, Vietnam, and China. This chapter is largely based on a compilation of these findings over the past seven years, interspersed with additional information collected from open sources. While it does not provide a complete picture of the entire global supply chain, it does provide valuable insight into how a large proportion of rhino horns are moving via trafficking networks that operate as organised criminal businesses with clear roles and responsibilities of individuals facilitating the movement of goods from source to consumer.
https://wildlifejustice.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Rhino-Horn-Trafficking-Report-2022-CAP.3.pdf
Since 2015, the Wildlife Justice Commission has collected extensive volumes of intelligence and evidence on the composition of criminal networks and the inner workings of the rhino horn supply chain from Africa to Asia. These investigations have focused on major source, transit, and destination locations of concern, primarily South Africa, Mozambique, Malaysia, Vietnam, and China. This chapter is largely based on a compilation of these findings over the past seven years, interspersed with additional information collected from open sources. While it does not provide a complete picture of the entire global supply chain, it does provide valuable insight into how a large proportion of rhino horns are moving via trafficking networks that operate as organised criminal businesses with clear roles and responsibilities of individuals facilitating the movement of goods from source to consumer.
Report, DataPorts Solving End-to-End Value Chain Content Integration
https://www.theconsumergoodsforum.com/wp-content/uploads/members-content/E2E-dataports-solving-end-to-end-value-chain-content-integration.pdf
Today, when a retailer needs to assemble a complete view of informa- tion about a product for an online product catalogue, that retailer will typically go to multiple web-based sources, search for information, transform the information obtained into a format fit for purpose, and assemble the information elements for publication to the catalogue.
Today that content integration process is difficult. It is difficult because the steps of the process and the technology required for search and retrieval of information vary sufficiently from source to source, and even from item to item such that it is difficult to fully automate. The content integration problem blocks operational efficiency, in- troduces product information errors, and slows down the speed to market - resulting in increased costs and lost sales.
One of the approaches traditionally proposed for solving this con- tent integration problem is “data federation”. Data federation works by standardising on a common federated data model and map- ping all data sources to that standardised model. Content might be mapped either real-time in response to requests, or it might be stored using the common data model in an intermediate data store ready for consumption.
The challenge though is that agreeing on a standard model is difficult and despite big efforts and successes in standardisation across the value chain there always seem to be exceptions and in most cases there remains data which does not fit the model. We’ve been asked to find a more general way to share information such that partners can c
https://www.theconsumergoodsforum.com/wp-content/uploads/members-content/E2E-dataports-solving-end-to-end-value-chain-content-integration.pdf
Today, when a retailer needs to assemble a complete view of informa- tion about a product for an online product catalogue, that retailer will typically go to multiple web-based sources, search for information, transform the information obtained into a format fit for purpose, and assemble the information elements for publication to the catalogue.
Today that content integration process is difficult. It is difficult because the steps of the process and the technology required for search and retrieval of information vary sufficiently from source to source, and even from item to item such that it is difficult to fully automate. The content integration problem blocks operational efficiency, in- troduces product information errors, and slows down the speed to market - resulting in increased costs and lost sales.
One of the approaches traditionally proposed for solving this con- tent integration problem is “data federation”. Data federation works by standardising on a common federated data model and map- ping all data sources to that standardised model. Content might be mapped either real-time in response to requests, or it might be stored using the common data model in an intermediate data store ready for consumption.
The challenge though is that agreeing on a standard model is difficult and despite big efforts and successes in standardisation across the value chain there always seem to be exceptions and in most cases there remains data which does not fit the model. We’ve been asked to find a more general way to share information such that partners can c
Report, Data Ports in action
https://www.theconsumergoodsforum.com/wp-content/uploads/202004-CGF-E2E-DataPorts-in-Action-Paper.pdf
Managing and sharing product information across the entire value chain is still a fundamental challenge for the consumer goods and retail industry. The Board of The Consumer Good Fo- rum (CGF) acknowledges the need to move urgently and at scale beyond current industry and organisational paradigms to drive a step-change forward via the Product Data Coalition of Action. Most of the current initiatives have focused on managing and sharing product master data across the industry:
(1) verifying GTINs globally
(2) defining and maintaining a core set of product attributes and
(3) ensuring the best possible data quality via a consistent approach based on Data Quality Business Rules. In addition, there is a voluntary innovation track which has focused on new technologies to leapfrog data exchange (4) via DataPorts.
One of the key premises is that new technologies such as Arti- ficial Intelligence (AI) promise a future for data transformation, validation and exchange that is likely to be more responsive and accurate than current approaches. For that reason, we are currently exploring “DataPorts” as a new, easy and cost-efficient way to exchange data in a decentralised, federated manner across the whole value chain (including consumers), lever- aging technology innovations in cloud/APIs, AI and Machine Learning (ML). This new way of peer-to-peer data exchange allows for more automation and flexible dialogues between systems of trading partners.
https://www.theconsumergoodsforum.com/wp-content/uploads/202004-CGF-E2E-DataPorts-in-Action-Paper.pdf
Managing and sharing product information across the entire value chain is still a fundamental challenge for the consumer goods and retail industry. The Board of The Consumer Good Fo- rum (CGF) acknowledges the need to move urgently and at scale beyond current industry and organisational paradigms to drive a step-change forward via the Product Data Coalition of Action. Most of the current initiatives have focused on managing and sharing product master data across the industry:
(1) verifying GTINs globally
(2) defining and maintaining a core set of product attributes and
(3) ensuring the best possible data quality via a consistent approach based on Data Quality Business Rules. In addition, there is a voluntary innovation track which has focused on new technologies to leapfrog data exchange (4) via DataPorts.
One of the key premises is that new technologies such as Arti- ficial Intelligence (AI) promise a future for data transformation, validation and exchange that is likely to be more responsive and accurate than current approaches. For that reason, we are currently exploring “DataPorts” as a new, easy and cost-efficient way to exchange data in a decentralised, federated manner across the whole value chain (including consumers), lever- aging technology innovations in cloud/APIs, AI and Machine Learning (ML). This new way of peer-to-peer data exchange allows for more automation and flexible dialogues between systems of trading partners.
Report, Tea Certification Data Report 2020
https://www.rainforest-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Tea-Certification-Data-Report-2020.pdf
The main goal of this report is to present the scope and scale of the Rainforest Alliance and UTZ tea certification programs in 2020 – calendar year. The report is created to inform our stakeholders and is part of our commitment to transparency. The report focuses on the key indicators related to:
• Market uptake: sales of Rainforest Alliance Certified and UTZ certified tea;
• Program reach: estimated Rainforest Alliance Certified and UTZ certified tea production, premiums being paid and multi-certification.
https://www.rainforest-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Tea-Certification-Data-Report-2020.pdf
The main goal of this report is to present the scope and scale of the Rainforest Alliance and UTZ tea certification programs in 2020 – calendar year. The report is created to inform our stakeholders and is part of our commitment to transparency. The report focuses on the key indicators related to:
• Market uptake: sales of Rainforest Alliance Certified and UTZ certified tea;
• Program reach: estimated Rainforest Alliance Certified and UTZ certified tea production, premiums being paid and multi-certification.
Report, Certified Unilever Tea Small Cup, Big Difference? (2011)
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1961574
For this study one hundred tea workers were interviewed on a total of eight tea plantation companies, all supplying tea to Unilever. Seven of these plantations are located in India and the remaining plantation concerns Unilever?s own tea plantation in Kenya. It was found that working conditions on tea estates that supply Unilever are problematic despite having been certified by the sustainability standard system RA. This in turn raises concerns about the effectiveness and credibility of this standard. On all the RA certified estates in India there were issues with wages either including too few benefits or partly being paid in kind and not in cash. Also women workers are being discriminated against (promotion, benefits), many casual workers remain permanently casual and workers are applying pesticides without protective gear. Moreover, most of these issues constitute violations of Indian labour legislation and ILO standards as well as Unilever?s own standards for suppliers. All of them are violations of RA standards and should lead to withdrawal of RA certification.
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1961574
For this study one hundred tea workers were interviewed on a total of eight tea plantation companies, all supplying tea to Unilever. Seven of these plantations are located in India and the remaining plantation concerns Unilever?s own tea plantation in Kenya. It was found that working conditions on tea estates that supply Unilever are problematic despite having been certified by the sustainability standard system RA. This in turn raises concerns about the effectiveness and credibility of this standard. On all the RA certified estates in India there were issues with wages either including too few benefits or partly being paid in kind and not in cash. Also women workers are being discriminated against (promotion, benefits), many casual workers remain permanently casual and workers are applying pesticides without protective gear. Moreover, most of these issues constitute violations of Indian labour legislation and ILO standards as well as Unilever?s own standards for suppliers. All of them are violations of RA standards and should lead to withdrawal of RA certification.
Report, THE NEED FOR TRANSPARENCY IN TEA SUPPLY CHAINS
https://media.business-humanrights.org/media/documents/2021_Tea_Report_v4.pdf
The Business & Human Rights Resource Centre sought to address this gap by approaching 65 major companies with a request for them to disclose their supply chain details to be held centrally in the first Tea Transparency Tracker. The 17 companies which disclosed ranged from large multinational corporations and supermarkets to small family-owned companies sourcing just a few tonnes of tea, making it clear the only thing stopping companies from being transparent was their own commitment and willingness. Only 10 companies fully disclosed and just seven committed to full transparency in the future
https://media.business-humanrights.org/media/documents/2021_Tea_Report_v4.pdf
The Business & Human Rights Resource Centre sought to address this gap by approaching 65 major companies with a request for them to disclose their supply chain details to be held centrally in the first Tea Transparency Tracker. The 17 companies which disclosed ranged from large multinational corporations and supermarkets to small family-owned companies sourcing just a few tonnes of tea, making it clear the only thing stopping companies from being transparent was their own commitment and willingness. Only 10 companies fully disclosed and just seven committed to full transparency in the future
WWF, Traceability principles for wild-caught fish products
https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf_traceability_principles_for_wild_caught_fish_products_.pdf
Principle 1 — Essential Information
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should provide rapid access to reliable information that is efficient to assess the compliance of the fish product under consideration with all applicable legal requirements.
Principle 2 — Full Chain Traceability
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should be able to provide “full chain” traceability from the point of catch to the point of final sale, and should be able to establish a verifiable and complete chain of custody/ownership of the product as it moves through the supply chain.
Principle 3 — Effective Tracking of Product Transformations
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should record tracking of product transformations and information on the location of product sufficiently to ensure that the legal origin of products can be readily established at the final point of sale, and that claims related to sustainability or fishing methods are readily verifiable.
Principle 4 — Digital Information and Standardized Data Formats
Wild-caught fish product traceability systems should employ electronic recording of data, labelling, and tracking in standard data formats from point of capture to point of final sale.
Principle 5 — Verification
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems, and all claims based on them, must be subject to credible and transparent external verification mechanisms and regular independent audits, including effective governmental oversight and enforcement as well as, where applicable, credible third-party verification.
Principle 6 — Transparency and Public Access to Information
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should be as transparent as possible and should provide consumers and other stakeholders the information needed to inform responsible choices
https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/wwf_traceability_principles_for_wild_caught_fish_products_.pdf
Principle 1 — Essential Information
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should provide rapid access to reliable information that is efficient to assess the compliance of the fish product under consideration with all applicable legal requirements.
Principle 2 — Full Chain Traceability
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should be able to provide “full chain” traceability from the point of catch to the point of final sale, and should be able to establish a verifiable and complete chain of custody/ownership of the product as it moves through the supply chain.
Principle 3 — Effective Tracking of Product Transformations
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should record tracking of product transformations and information on the location of product sufficiently to ensure that the legal origin of products can be readily established at the final point of sale, and that claims related to sustainability or fishing methods are readily verifiable.
Principle 4 — Digital Information and Standardized Data Formats
Wild-caught fish product traceability systems should employ electronic recording of data, labelling, and tracking in standard data formats from point of capture to point of final sale.
Principle 5 — Verification
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems, and all claims based on them, must be subject to credible and transparent external verification mechanisms and regular independent audits, including effective governmental oversight and enforcement as well as, where applicable, credible third-party verification.
Principle 6 — Transparency and Public Access to Information
All wild-caught fish product traceability systems should be as transparent as possible and should provide consumers and other stakeholders the information needed to inform responsible choices
Traceability for Sustainable Trade A Framework to design Traceability Systems for Cross Border Trade
https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trade/Publications/ECE_TRADE_429E_TraceabilityForSustainableTrade.pdf
Traceability systems are often private sector driven as producers seek to promote certain claims about their products, however, government agencies may also have a significant role. Government intervention increases the complexity of traceability systems as it introduces new elements such as data-sharing, confidentiality of information, governance and regulatory compliance. This has the potential to impact on trade, especially when governments seek to protect consumers by requiring certain documents or data from traders in order to ensure the veracity of policy claims.
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe has developed a framework for designing traceability systems in order to ensure that traceability is efficiently dealt with in cross-border trade so that it can better contribute to the sustainable development goals. This framework should be useful for government officials and private sector actors involved in designing and implementing traceability systems.
https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trade/Publications/ECE_TRADE_429E_TraceabilityForSustainableTrade.pdf
Traceability systems are often private sector driven as producers seek to promote certain claims about their products, however, government agencies may also have a significant role. Government intervention increases the complexity of traceability systems as it introduces new elements such as data-sharing, confidentiality of information, governance and regulatory compliance. This has the potential to impact on trade, especially when governments seek to protect consumers by requiring certain documents or data from traders in order to ensure the veracity of policy claims.
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe has developed a framework for designing traceability systems in order to ensure that traceability is efficiently dealt with in cross-border trade so that it can better contribute to the sustainable development goals. This framework should be useful for government officials and private sector actors involved in designing and implementing traceability systems.
Traceability systems in the CITES context
https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/prog/shark/docs/BodyofInf12.pdf
"Traceability systems in the CITES context: A review of experiences, best practices and lessons learned for the traceability of commodities of CITES- listed shark species" (2015) by Victoria Mundy and Glenn Sant is really interesting overview of approaches to traceability with multiple examples (caviar, timber, crocodile skins) giving you a good scope about implementation details about various traceability systems.
https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/prog/shark/docs/BodyofInf12.pdf
"Traceability systems in the CITES context: A review of experiences, best practices and lessons learned for the traceability of commodities of CITES- listed shark species" (2015) by Victoria Mundy and Glenn Sant is really interesting overview of approaches to traceability with multiple examples (caviar, timber, crocodile skins) giving you a good scope about implementation details about various traceability systems.
Report, Timber traceability – A management tool for governments
https://www.fao.org/3/cb8909en/cb8909en.pdf
There are growing demands for countries to develop national timber traceability systems. These demands range from a country’s own needs to track timber and collect associated revenues consistently, to international demands for due diligence regarding the legality of the timber for imports, and in some cases where a country has entered into a Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA) with the EU. In response, many countries have made considerable efforts to develop national systems which track timber flow from producer through processing, to the point of sale, and there are different approaches and tools available for doing this. This report aims to document lessons and best practices in the planning of government-led timber traceability systems in Latin America to provide a reference for government officials in other countries who are tasked with developing and implementing similar systems. It also seeks to help other audiences recognize that traceability is global trend and is becoming a new norm for conducting business and trade in international wood markets.
https://www.fao.org/3/cb8909en/cb8909en.pdf
There are growing demands for countries to develop national timber traceability systems. These demands range from a country’s own needs to track timber and collect associated revenues consistently, to international demands for due diligence regarding the legality of the timber for imports, and in some cases where a country has entered into a Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA) with the EU. In response, many countries have made considerable efforts to develop national systems which track timber flow from producer through processing, to the point of sale, and there are different approaches and tools available for doing this. This report aims to document lessons and best practices in the planning of government-led timber traceability systems in Latin America to provide a reference for government officials in other countries who are tasked with developing and implementing similar systems. It also seeks to help other audiences recognize that traceability is global trend and is becoming a new norm for conducting business and trade in international wood markets.
Report, Food Barons 2022
https://www.etcgroup.org/sites/www.etcgroup.org/files/files/food-barons-2022-full_sectors-final_16_sept.pdf
It’s time to divest from the Industrial Food Chain. Institutions under pressure from civil soci- ety have already succeeded in partly directing funds away from tobacco, arms and fossil fuels on moral grounds. Grassroots climate movements have successfully named fossil fuel compa- nies as the obstruction to meaningful climate action. Food movements should follow suit: it is a logical next step to demand the elimination of all financial support to the Industrial Food Chain, exposing its high degree of transnational corporate control and its multiple abuses.
https://www.etcgroup.org/sites/www.etcgroup.org/files/files/food-barons-2022-full_sectors-final_16_sept.pdf
It’s time to divest from the Industrial Food Chain. Institutions under pressure from civil soci- ety have already succeeded in partly directing funds away from tobacco, arms and fossil fuels on moral grounds. Grassroots climate movements have successfully named fossil fuel compa- nies as the obstruction to meaningful climate action. Food movements should follow suit: it is a logical next step to demand the elimination of all financial support to the Industrial Food Chain, exposing its high degree of transnational corporate control and its multiple abuses.
The Container Port PERFORMANCE INDEX 2021
https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/66e3aa5c3be4647addd01845ce353992-0190062022/original/Container-Port-Performance-Index-2021.pdf
Maritime transport is the backbone of globalized trade and the manufacturing supply chain. The mari- time sector offers the most economical, energy efficient, and reliable mode of transportation over long distances. More than four-fifths of global merchandise trade (by volume) is carried by sea. A significant and growing portion of that volume, accounting for approximately 35 percent of total volumes and more than 60 percent of commercial value, is carried in containers. The growth of containerization has led to vast changes in the where and the how goods are manufactured and processed, a process that continues to evolve. Container ports, accordingly, are critical nodes in global supply chains and central to the growth strategies of many emerging economies. In many cases, the development of high-qual- ity container port infrastructure, operated efficiently, has been a prerequisite to successful export-led growth strategies. It can facilitate investment in production and distribution systems, supporting the expansion of manufacturing and logistics, creating employment, and raising income levels.
https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/66e3aa5c3be4647addd01845ce353992-0190062022/original/Container-Port-Performance-Index-2021.pdf
Maritime transport is the backbone of globalized trade and the manufacturing supply chain. The mari- time sector offers the most economical, energy efficient, and reliable mode of transportation over long distances. More than four-fifths of global merchandise trade (by volume) is carried by sea. A significant and growing portion of that volume, accounting for approximately 35 percent of total volumes and more than 60 percent of commercial value, is carried in containers. The growth of containerization has led to vast changes in the where and the how goods are manufactured and processed, a process that continues to evolve. Container ports, accordingly, are critical nodes in global supply chains and central to the growth strategies of many emerging economies. In many cases, the development of high-qual- ity container port infrastructure, operated efficiently, has been a prerequisite to successful export-led growth strategies. It can facilitate investment in production and distribution systems, supporting the expansion of manufacturing and logistics, creating employment, and raising income levels.
Report: Untangling Apparel Supply Chains with Open Data
https://cdn2.assets-servd.host/tidy-shrike/production/assets/downloads/From-Opaque-to-Open.pdf
Those working in the apparel industry know how complex and fragmented apparel supply chains are, with even the simplest of items involving multiple suppliers across multiple continents. Following the mass uptake of off- shoring in the 80s and 90s, the supply chains of most global brands are thousands of miles away from their headquarters or the final point of sale, and the majority of brands don’t own the facilities in which their products are being made. This physical distance and lack of ownership makes keeping track of supply chains a complex and costly endeavor.
https://cdn2.assets-servd.host/tidy-shrike/production/assets/downloads/From-Opaque-to-Open.pdf
Those working in the apparel industry know how complex and fragmented apparel supply chains are, with even the simplest of items involving multiple suppliers across multiple continents. Following the mass uptake of off- shoring in the 80s and 90s, the supply chains of most global brands are thousands of miles away from their headquarters or the final point of sale, and the majority of brands don’t own the facilities in which their products are being made. This physical distance and lack of ownership makes keeping track of supply chains a complex and costly endeavor.
A Comparison of Supply Chain Tracking Tools for Tropical Forest Commodities in Brazil
https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/documents/Supply_Chain_Tracking_Tools.pdf
Robust, functional, affordable and scalable commodity supply chain tracking systems are essential to reducing deforestation resulting from the production of tropical forest commodities. In Brazil, monitoring tools are becoming increasingly important to private sector efforts aiming to reduce and eliminate the risk of deforestation from tropical forest commodity supply chains. This report provides a comprehensive comparison of supply chain tracking tools for tropical forest commodities, specifically cattle, soy and timber, currently being used in Brazil. In addition to detailing the objectives, methodologies, scope and cost1 of each tool, the report also describes the advantages and challenges of each system, and concludes with a comprehensive comparison. This report will inform private sector entities, other supply chain actors and consumers about the various supply chain monitoring tools available to help reduce and eliminate deforestation from tropical forest commodity production, and serve as a guide to help companies identify the most suitable tools to increase supply chain transparency and traceability.
https://www.edf.org/sites/default/files/documents/Supply_Chain_Tracking_Tools.pdf
Robust, functional, affordable and scalable commodity supply chain tracking systems are essential to reducing deforestation resulting from the production of tropical forest commodities. In Brazil, monitoring tools are becoming increasingly important to private sector efforts aiming to reduce and eliminate the risk of deforestation from tropical forest commodity supply chains. This report provides a comprehensive comparison of supply chain tracking tools for tropical forest commodities, specifically cattle, soy and timber, currently being used in Brazil. In addition to detailing the objectives, methodologies, scope and cost1 of each tool, the report also describes the advantages and challenges of each system, and concludes with a comprehensive comparison. This report will inform private sector entities, other supply chain actors and consumers about the various supply chain monitoring tools available to help reduce and eliminate deforestation from tropical forest commodity production, and serve as a guide to help companies identify the most suitable tools to increase supply chain transparency and traceability.
Integrity and Assurance of Food Supply Networks
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/350726/elliot-review-final-report-july2014.pdf
A National Food Crime Prevention Framework
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/350726/elliot-review-final-report-july2014.pdf
A National Food Crime Prevention Framework
Beyond Corporations
https://www.msi-integrity.org/
For the past decade, MSI Integrity has investigated whether, when and how multi-stakeholder initiatives protect and promote human rights. The culmination of this research, detailing the significant limitations of MSIs, is available in our report Not Fit-for-Purpose.
https://www.msi-integrity.org/
For the past decade, MSI Integrity has investigated whether, when and how multi-stakeholder initiatives protect and promote human rights. The culmination of this research, detailing the significant limitations of MSIs, is available in our report Not Fit-for-Purpose.
Responsible Supply Chains in Vehicle Parts Industry Case Studies and Challenges
https://www.ilo.org/tokyo/information/publications/WCMS_849050/lang--en/index.htm
The report provides good practices and challenges in line with international instruments including the ILO’s Multinational Enterprises Declaration, by researching responsible supply chains implemented by Japanese enterprises in the automotive component industry in Thailand.
https://www.ilo.org/tokyo/information/publications/WCMS_849050/lang--en/index.htm
The report provides good practices and challenges in line with international instruments including the ILO’s Multinational Enterprises Declaration, by researching responsible supply chains implemented by Japanese enterprises in the automotive component industry in Thailand.
Net-Zero Challenge: The supply chain opportunity
https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Net_Zero_Challenge_The_Supply_Chain_Opportunity_2021.pdf
Supply-chain decarbonization will be a “game changer” for the impact of corporate climate action. Addressing Scope 3 emissions is fundamental for companies to realize credible climate change commitments. It enables companies in customer- facing sectors to use their influence in supply chains to speed and support rapid decarbonization throughout the economy, and it can put pressure on suppliers in regions where governments do not (yet) do so.
https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Net_Zero_Challenge_The_Supply_Chain_Opportunity_2021.pdf
Supply-chain decarbonization will be a “game changer” for the impact of corporate climate action. Addressing Scope 3 emissions is fundamental for companies to realize credible climate change commitments. It enables companies in customer- facing sectors to use their influence in supply chains to speed and support rapid decarbonization throughout the economy, and it can put pressure on suppliers in regions where governments do not (yet) do so.
UN Guide to Traceability report (2015)
https://d306pr3pise04h.cloudfront.net/docs/issues_doc%2Fsupply_chain%2FTraceability%2FGuide_to_Traceability.pdf
The purpose of this guide is to provide an overview of the importance of traceability for sustainability purposes, outline the global op- portunities and challenges it represents and summarize practical steps for implementing traceability programmes within companies. Research for this guide revealed that trace- ability is a tremendously impactful tool for advancing sustainability objectives, but it still has a long way to go before it is an integral part of sustainable supply chain management and is used widely by companies. At present, only a very small percentage of commodities are traceable on sustainability attributes.
https://d306pr3pise04h.cloudfront.net/docs/issues_doc%2Fsupply_chain%2FTraceability%2FGuide_to_Traceability.pdf
The purpose of this guide is to provide an overview of the importance of traceability for sustainability purposes, outline the global op- portunities and challenges it represents and summarize practical steps for implementing traceability programmes within companies. Research for this guide revealed that trace- ability is a tremendously impactful tool for advancing sustainability objectives, but it still has a long way to go before it is an integral part of sustainable supply chain management and is used widely by companies. At present, only a very small percentage of commodities are traceable on sustainability attributes.
Lloyds Reports on Digitization and Data in Shipping
https://lloydslist.maritimeintelligence.informa.com/Special-report-Digitalisation-and-Data
Digitalisation of processes was under discussion before Covid-19 struck, although there was a lack of urgency. Now, however, shipowners no longer ask tech companies about cost but about keeping ships running
https://lloydslist.maritimeintelligence.informa.com/Special-report-Digitalisation-and-Data
Digitalisation of processes was under discussion before Covid-19 struck, although there was a lack of urgency. Now, however, shipowners no longer ask tech companies about cost but about keeping ships running
State of Supply Chain sustainability 2021 MIT report
https://sscs.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/State-Sustainable-Supply-Chains-MIT-CSCMP.pdf
This year's report sheds light on how companies put their SCS promises into practice. Of the many ways to accomplish this, three common approaches emerged, including supplier development, supply chain visibility, and environmental impact reduction. Supplier development was the most common across all industries; however, visibility proved equally attractive in manufacturing and transportation.
As the supply chain sustainability field advances, so does this report, and this year we introduce a classification of companies based on behaviors related to SCS. The model, called the SCS Firm Typology, yields fresh insights into the state of sustainability in supply chains. Categories of firms range from low? effort enterprises with little engagement in SCS to highly committed leaders. This typology distills the report's analyses into an interpretable model and enables future exploration of the evolution of SCS across multiple dimensions.
https://sscs.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/State-Sustainable-Supply-Chains-MIT-CSCMP.pdf
This year's report sheds light on how companies put their SCS promises into practice. Of the many ways to accomplish this, three common approaches emerged, including supplier development, supply chain visibility, and environmental impact reduction. Supplier development was the most common across all industries; however, visibility proved equally attractive in manufacturing and transportation.
As the supply chain sustainability field advances, so does this report, and this year we introduce a classification of companies based on behaviors related to SCS. The model, called the SCS Firm Typology, yields fresh insights into the state of sustainability in supply chains. Categories of firms range from low? effort enterprises with little engagement in SCS to highly committed leaders. This typology distills the report's analyses into an interpretable model and enables future exploration of the evolution of SCS across multiple dimensions.
Chain of custody models and definitions
https://www.isealalliance.org/sites/default/files/resource/2017-11/ISEAL_Chain_of_Custody_Models_Guidance_September_2016.pdf
The Chain of Custody (CoC) System (CoC Standard and supporting assurance system) is one of the key elements of most sustainability standards systems.
The objective of the CoC System is to validate claims made about the product, process, business or service covered by the sustainability standard. This is achieved by defining a set of requirements and measures that provide the necessary controls on the movement of material or products, and associated sustainability data, from approved or certified businesses through each stage of the supply chain. Many standard systems set a CoC standard for this purpose, in addition to their production or management standard
https://www.isealalliance.org/sites/default/files/resource/2017-11/ISEAL_Chain_of_Custody_Models_Guidance_September_2016.pdf
The Chain of Custody (CoC) System (CoC Standard and supporting assurance system) is one of the key elements of most sustainability standards systems.
The objective of the CoC System is to validate claims made about the product, process, business or service covered by the sustainability standard. This is achieved by defining a set of requirements and measures that provide the necessary controls on the movement of material or products, and associated sustainability data, from approved or certified businesses through each stage of the supply chain. Many standard systems set a CoC standard for this purpose, in addition to their production or management standard
Visualization of Raw Material Supply Chains using the EU Criticality Datasets
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC111646/20180525_jrc-tech-rep-supply_chain_viewer_final.pdf
This study uses the existing datasets from the 2017 EU criticality assessment to visualize 74 material supply chains and shows interconnections between them. Firstly, the data sets are rearranged into a simple graph with nodes representing the countries, materials, product applications, and sectors involved in materials supply and use. The weighted edges (links) represent relationships between them, i.e., the production of materials by countries and the flow of materials into product applications and subsequent economic sectors. Secondly, because mapping the critical raw materials data considers the links between countries, materials, product applications, and sectors, the resulting graphs can also be analysed using network statistics (based on their connectivity). For this, degree centrality (a count of the number of incoming or outgoing links of a node) is used to highlight more interconnected nodes (key actors) in the supply and use of materials. This allows, e.g., detection of countries providing a large number of different (raw) materials, materials finding widespread downstream uses, or product applications relying on a large number of materials.
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC111646/20180525_jrc-tech-rep-supply_chain_viewer_final.pdf
This study uses the existing datasets from the 2017 EU criticality assessment to visualize 74 material supply chains and shows interconnections between them. Firstly, the data sets are rearranged into a simple graph with nodes representing the countries, materials, product applications, and sectors involved in materials supply and use. The weighted edges (links) represent relationships between them, i.e., the production of materials by countries and the flow of materials into product applications and subsequent economic sectors. Secondly, because mapping the critical raw materials data considers the links between countries, materials, product applications, and sectors, the resulting graphs can also be analysed using network statistics (based on their connectivity). For this, degree centrality (a count of the number of incoming or outgoing links of a node) is used to highlight more interconnected nodes (key actors) in the supply and use of materials. This allows, e.g., detection of countries providing a large number of different (raw) materials, materials finding widespread downstream uses, or product applications relying on a large number of materials.
UN report: A Guide to Traceability
https://www.unglobalcompact.org/library/791
Overview of the importance of traceability for sustainability objectives, as well as global opportunities and challenges. The guide presents practical steps for implementing traceability programmes within companies, features case studies, and maps relevant stakeholders, resources and sustainability issues related to key commodities.
https://www.unglobalcompact.org/library/791
Overview of the importance of traceability for sustainability objectives, as well as global opportunities and challenges. The guide presents practical steps for implementing traceability programmes within companies, features case studies, and maps relevant stakeholders, resources and sustainability issues related to key commodities.
EU legislation to encourage sustainable supply chains
https://www.ser.nl/en/Publications/sustainable-supply-chains
The Social and Economic Council of the Netherlands (SER) has advised the Dutch government on how to shape EU legislation on international Responsible Business Conduct (RBC). A European approach should focus on improving the conditions for people and the environment across supply chains. To have maximum impact on international supply chains outside the EU, the legislation should incentivise European cooperation at sector level.
https://www.ser.nl/en/Publications/sustainable-supply-chains
The Social and Economic Council of the Netherlands (SER) has advised the Dutch government on how to shape EU legislation on international Responsible Business Conduct (RBC). A European approach should focus on improving the conditions for people and the environment across supply chains. To have maximum impact on international supply chains outside the EU, the legislation should incentivise European cooperation at sector level.
The impact of improved traceability on the safety of food
https://www.lrfoundation.org.uk/en/news/impact-traceability-food-safety/
In a new report RS Standards have reviewed the impact of improved traceability on the safety of food, looking at current initiatives that could provide a basis for a roadmap for future developments.
https://www.lrfoundation.org.uk/en/news/impact-traceability-food-safety/
In a new report RS Standards have reviewed the impact of improved traceability on the safety of food, looking at current initiatives that could provide a basis for a roadmap for future developments.